What will the nurse teach the client with diabetes regarding exercise in the treatment program?
1. During exercise the body will use carbohydrates for energy production, which in turn will decrease the need for insulin.
2. With an increase in activity, the body will use more carbohydrates; therefore, more insulin will be required.
3. Exercise increases the HDL and decreases the chance of stroke and heart disease.
4. The increase in activity results in an increase in the use of insulin; therefore, the client should decrease his or her carbohydrate intake.
5. Exercise will improve pancreatic circulation and stimulate the islets of Langerhans to increase the production of intrinsic insulin.
Rationale:(1, 3)
As carboyhdrates are used for energy, insulin needs decrease. Therefore during exercise, carbohydrate intake should be increased to cover the increased energy requirements. The beneficial effects of regular exercise may result in a decreased need for diabetic medications in order to reach target blood glucose levels. Furthermore, it may help to reduce triglycerides, LDL cholesterol levels, increase HDLs, reduce blood pressure, and improve circulation. Increased HDLs have been associated with a decrease in syndrome x (Metabolic Syndrome). (Lewis, Dirksen, Heitkemper, et al, 8 ed., pp. 959, 1219, 1223.)